Cavity preparation with Er:YAGvs, Nd:YAG and diode lasers on remaining dentin thickness (RDT)

Preservation of remaining dentin thickness (RDT) during cavity preparation is crucial for maintaining pulpal health. Laser technology has revolutionized modern dentistry by offering precise, minimally invasive treatment. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the effects of Er:YAG, Nd:YAG and diode lasers on remaining dentin thickness (RDT) and thermal damage during cavity preparation under standardized laboratory conditions.A total of 150 extracted human premolars were randomly divided into three groups. Pre- and post-operative RDT was assessed using a stereomicroscope and temperature rise was recorded with pulp chamber thermocouples. Histological evaluation with hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess thermal effects. Er:YAG laser demonstrated superior conservation of dentin and minimal thermal damage, making it optimal for hard tissue applications. Nd:YAG and diode lasers exhibited higher thermal effects and reduced dentin preservation, suggesting caution in their use near the pulp.