Optical bistability via quantum interference from monolayer WSe2

We conducted a theoretical investigation of optical bistability based on the dipole-allowed transitions in a three-level ladder-type WSe 2 system. The system interacts with a laser beam through a unidirectional ring cavity. Our results demonstrate that efficient control of bistability can be achieved by tuning the laser frequency, decay rate, and cooperation parameters. We also discuss the influence of absorption and dispersion processes on the optical bistability behavior. The optical bistability exhibits absorptive and hybrid characteristics in small- and intermediate-output fields, respectively. This study can inform the strategic design of 2D materials for fast and low-threshold all-optical switches, leveraging their significant optical nonlinearities and exciton binding energies.