Therapeutic effects of L‐arginine, L‐carnitine, and mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium on endometriosis‐induced oocyte poor quality in an experimental mouse model

Abstract Aim The present study aimed to explore the potential ameliorative effects of L‐arginine (LA), L‐carnitine (LC), and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium (BMSC‐CM) on endometriosis (EMS) model in vivo and in vitro. Methods The animals were divided into two main groups, normal and EMS‐induced mice. Normal and EMS‐induced groups were injected with or without LA (250 mg/kg), LC (250 mg/kg), and BMSC‐CM (a final volume of 100 μL of CM/mouse). At the end of the study, the level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO), and total oxidative status (TOS) were measured in plasma. Furthermore, immature oocytes were collected from two groups and cultured in a maturation medium. Subsequently, the rates of in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and in vitro embryonic development were evaluated. Results The results revealed that administration of LA, LC, and BMSC‐CM ameliorated the oxidative status through maintaining TAC and alleviating TOS and NO levels. More importantly, the maturation and fertilization rates, blastocyst development, and total blastocyst cell numbers significantly increased in LA, LC, and BMSC‐CM‐administrated groups compared to the control group. In both the normal and EMS groups, the highest IVF, cleavage, and blastocyst percentages were associated with BMSC‐CM treatment ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Altogether, LA, LC, and BMSC‐CM have therapeutic effects on impaired oocyte quality and promote subsequent development in vitro, probably through normalization of nitro‐oxidative stress, thus offering potential alternatives to conventional therapies during assisted reproductive technologies for patients with EMS‐associated sub/infertility.