Dual side transparent organic light-emitting diodes with a modified Ag top cathode

Transparent organic light-emitting diodes (TrOLEDs) offer enormous promising applications in next-generation consumer electronic devices. Herein, TrOLEDs based on a silver (Ag) top cathode are fabricated via vacuum deposition. The semi-transparent and efficient Ag cathode has been fulfilled by combining the optimization of the thickness and deposition rate of Ag films with the modification of lithium fluoride (LiF) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO3). The introduction of an optimal LiF layer is beneficial for electron injection, which could be explained by tunneling model due to its insulation property. And a MoO3 dielectric layer is capped on Ag cathode for light extraction due to its high refraction index. The electroluminescent (EL) properties collected from the top Ag cathode side were remarkably improved by the capping MoO3 dielectric layer while maintaining the EL performance collected from the bottom anode side. This work provides a meaningful guidance for the construction of TrOLEDs.