Role of cytochrome P4502E1-dependent formation of hydroxyethyl free radical in the development of liver damage in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol

We have previously shown that the treatment with diallyl sulfide (DAS) and phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PIC) of rats receiving ethanol in the alcohol tube-feeding model effectively suppressed the induction of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) by ethanol. Here we report that rat treatment with DAS and PIC significantly decreased the trapping of hydroxyethyl free radicals in liver microsomes incubated in vitro with ethanol. Furthermore, these inhibitors also greatly reduced the production of hydroxyethyl radical-derived epitopes detectable in vivo in the liver of ethanol-fed rats. The action of DAS and PIC on the formation of hydroxyethyl radicals paralleled their inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation as monitored using, respectively, liver malonildialdehyde (MDA) and plasma lipid hydroperoxide levels as well as by the titers of antibodies versus MDA adducts to proteins. Thus, these results indicated a link between the induction of CYP2E1 by ethanol, the formation of hydroxyethyl radicals and the stimulation of lipid peroxidation. The pathological scores in the livers of rats fed with ethanol plus or minus DAS and PIC also correlated with levels of hydroxyethyl radical-derived epitopes. Rats fed intragastrically with ethanol developed antibodies and the formation of these antibodies was greatly reduced by DAS and PIC. Taken together these results suggest that CYP2E1 plays an important role in the generation of hydroxyethyl radicals during chronic alcohol feeding and that ethanol-derived free radicals might play a role in the onset of liver injury in this model of alcohol administration.