白云母
各向异性
高岭石
油页岩
矿物学
弹性模量
地震各向异性
材料科学
刚度
地质学
矿物
伊利石
粘土矿物
复合材料
石英
冶金
光学
古生物学
物理
作者
Burkhard Militzer,Hans‐Rudolf Wenk,Stephen Stackhouse,Lars Stixrude
摘要
The full elastic tensors of the sheet silicates muscovite, illite-smectite, kaolinite, dickite, and nacrite have been derived with first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. For muscovite, there is excellent agreement between calculated properties and experimental results. The influence of cation disorder was investigated and found to be minimal. On the other hand, stacking disorder is found to be of some relevance for kaolin minerals. The corresponding single-crystal seismic wave velocities were also derived for each phase. These revealed that kaolin minerals exhibit a distinct type of seismic anisotropy, which we relate to hydrogen bonding. The elastic properties of a shale aggregate was predicted by averaging the calculated properties of the contributing mineral phases over their orientation distributions. Calculated elastic properties display higher stiffness and lower p-wave anisotropy. The difference is likely due to the presence of oriented flattened pores in natural samples that are not taken into account in the averaging.
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