Redox–acid cooperative bifunctional catalysts comprising dilacunary phosphotungstates and zeolite Hβ for the synthesis of n -butyl levulinate and succinic acid

A newly engineered PW 10 /ZHβ catalyst achieves near-perfect control over biomass conversion, enabling highly selective esterification and a breakthrough 100% selective oxidation route to succinic acid, opening a new horizon in sustainable catalysis.