通用数据保护条例
跟踪(教育)
计算机科学
互联网隐私
欧洲联盟
选择退出
个人可识别信息
万维网
计算机安全
1998年数据保护法
业务
国际贸易
心理学
教育学
作者
Iskander Sánchez-Rola,Matteo Dell’Amico,Platon Kotzias,Davide Balzarotti,Leyla Bilge,Pierre-Antoine Vervier,Igor Santos
标识
DOI:10.1145/3321705.3329806
摘要
The European Union's (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), in effect since May 2018, enforces strict limitations on handling users' personal data, hence impacting their activity tracking on the Web. In this study, we perform an evaluation of the tracking performed in 2,000 high-traffic websites, hosted both inside and outside of the EU. We evaluate both the information presented to users and the actual tracking implemented through cookies; we find that the GDPR has impacted website behavior in a truly global way, both directly and indirectly: USA-based websites behave similarly to EU-based ones, while third-party opt-out services reduce the amount of tracking even for websites which do not put any effort in respecting the new law. On the other hand, we find that tracking remains ubiquitous. In particular, we found cookies that can identify users when visiting more than 90% of the websites in our dataset - and we also encountered a large number of websites that present deceiving information, making it it very difficult, if at all possible, for users to avoid being tracked.
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