Objective To study the effect of high quality nursing care on gastrointestinal reaction and quality of life in patients with leukemia treated by chemotherapy. Methods Select 90 patients with acute leukemia treated in Xianyang 215 Hospital from August 2012 to August 2015. Using random number table method,patients were divided into an observation group and a control group with 45 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were given routine nursing care,while patients in the observation group were given high quality nursing care. Incidence of nausea,vomiting and gastrointestinal reaction and quality of life within 1 week after chemotherapy were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group,severity of nausea and vomiting in the observation group significantly reduced,with a significant difference( P < 0. 05). Incidence of gastrointestinal reaction during different chemotherapy cycles reduced significantly in the observation group compared with the control group,with significant differences between the two groups( P < 0. 05). Scores of physical function,role function,cognitive function,emotional function and social function significantly reduced in the observation group compared with the control group with significant differences between the two groups( P < 0. 05). Conclusion High quality nursing care can effectively reduce gastrointestinal reaction in patients with acute leukemia treated by chemotherapy and improve the quality of life.