This chapter examines the Compliance function which can be termed as an agent and sponsor of a Compliance Culture. It not only aims to establish satisfactory working definitions of all of these terms, but also attempts to untangle them. It is split into five sections, which guide the Compliance Officer's job and explore various elements of Compliance as a financial services discipline. It also explains the professional definition of Compliance and the importance of its existence. Compliance is certainly a job in need of an image makeover. Compliance also gives one the chance to hone ones project management and problem solving skills. This chapter attempts to answer the question, ‘What is compliance and why is it there?’