AIM and METHODS: To investigate molecular mechanism of cholecystokinin octapeptide(CCK-8) protection aganist acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS),effect of CCK-8 on nuclear transcription factor-kappa B(NF-κB) activity in rat lungs was measured with electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA) during endotoxemia. NF-κB activity was expressed as peak areas integration of electrophoresis bands. The effect of CCK-8 on lung injury induced by LPS was observed. RESULTS: The administration of LPS to blood induced significant increase in NF-κB activity from 593 56±89 34 of control to 1 639 92±198 63( P 0 01),which was in part reversed by pretreatment of CCK-8 (823 91±97 32, P 0 01). Compared to the control, the CCK-8 pretreatment group also showed the lighter lung injury by pathological examination. CONCLUSION: CCK-8 had the inhibitory effect on NF-κB activity induced by LPS.