β-phenylethanol is an all-purpose fine chemical, and takes on extensive applications in food, daily chemical and light industries. The world's annual production of nearly ten thousand tons is synthesized by chemical means. On account of the demands for the natural additives increasingly, it is need to develop a new-type production technology urgently. Bioconversion method is the best way to get natural β-phenylethanol. The paper described the production technique of β-phenylethanol by bioconversion, and focused on the pathway of biosynthesis of β-phenylethanol, microbes and cytotoxicity of β-phenylethanol to yeast cell involved in bioconversion.