Transformers

The Alternating Current (AC) systems are widely used over Direct Current(DC) systems because voltage in AC systems can be transferred from one voltage level to another voltage level. A transformer consisting of two windings (primary winding and secondary winding) which are electrically separated and connected through the magnetic circuit or core. The main parts of any transformers are: primary or high voltage winding, secondary or low voltage winding, and core. The electro magnetic force (EMF) equation of a transformer is used to find the induced voltage at low voltage side of the step-down transformer and high voltage side of the step-up transformer. This chapter provides information on ideal transformers, transformation ratio (K), circuit model or equivalent circuit of transformer and the voltage regulation of transformer. It also explains name plate rating, components of the transformer and standards for transformers.