An Analysis of Characteristics of the Middle School Students with Learning Disabilities Based on Occurrence and Subtypes

본 연구에서는 경기도 A중학교 전교생을 대상으로 발생시기에 따른 중학교 학습장애 학생들에서 나타나고 있는 학습장애 하위유형별 특성을 분석하고 이에 따른 중복 학습장애의 출현 경향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구결과 A중학교 학습장애 학생은 전체의 약 24.8%로 분포하였고, 초등학교 때부터 계속 학습의 어려움을 겪어온 학습장애 학생의 경우 전체의 약 8.5%, 중학교 이후 늦게 학습의 어려움을 겪는 학습장애 학생의 경우 전체의 약 9.5%로 나타났다. 늦게 등장하는 학습장애의 중복 학습장애 정도는 읽기장애 내 중복은 3.6%, 수학장애 내 중복은 13.6%, 쓰기장애 내 중복은 25.5%로 나타났고, 영역 간 중복은 읽기와 수학장애 중복은 5.9%, 읽기와 쓰기장애 중복은 17.6%, 수학과 쓰기장애 중복은 21.6%로 나타났고, 읽기, 쓰기, 수학 모두 중복을 보이는 경우가 25.5%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 초등학교 때부터 학습의 어려움을 가지고 있었던 학습장애 학생의 경우, 읽기장애 내 중복은 0.9%, 수학장애 내 중복은 21.4%, 쓰기장애 내 중복은 24.1%로 나타났고, 영역 간 중복은 읽기와 수학장애 중복은 2.1%, 읽기와 쓰기장애 중복은 10.4%, 수학과 쓰기장애 중복은 35.4%, 읽기, 쓰기, 수학 모두 중복을 보이는 경우는 39.6%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 중학교 학습장애의 경우 발생시기와 하위 유형별 중복장애의 문제로 인해 초등학교 학습장애보다 높은 이질성을 가짐을 보여주었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 발달적 특성에 따른 중학교 학습장애 학생에 대한 학생 및 학교 수준의 개입에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence trends of learning disabilities in middle school students and to investigate the incidence trends of overlapping learning disabilities in students with learning disabilities. For this purpose, the whole students in one middle school located at Kyonggido were involved for investigating the incidence of learning disabilities and learning disabilities. As a result of the study, about 24.8% of middle school students with learning disabilities and learning disabilities were distributed, and about 8.5% of those who had continuous learning difficulties and learning disabilities from elementary school, of the total. An appearance rate of the late-emerging learning difficulties and learning disabilities was about 9.5% of the total. The overlap of learning difficulties and learning disabilities was found to be 3.6% in the reading, 13.6% in the mathematics, and 25.5% in the writing. The co-occurrence disabilities in reading, writing, and mathematics were the most common (25.5%), while the multiple disabilities in reading and writing (17.6%) and the co-occurrence disabilities in mathematics and writing (21.6%). In the case of showing poor learning and learning disabilities early in elementary school, the overlap difficulties across sub components of reading was 0.9%, the overlap difficulties across sub components of mathematics was 21.4%, and the overlap difficulties across sub components of writing was 10.4%. The co-occurrence disabilities in reading and writing was 10.4%, the co-occurrence disabilities in reading and mathematics was 35.4%, and the co-occurrence disabilities in mathematics and writing was 39.6%. The results of this study showed that middle school learning disabilities have higher heterogeneity than elementary school learning disabilities due to the occurrence time and overlapping subtypes of learning disabilities. Based on these results, implications for student- and school- level intervention for middle school students with learning disabilities according to their developmental characteristics were discussed.