The primary aims of scoliosis surgery are to halt the progression of the deformity, and to reduce its severity. Currently, deformity correction is clinically measured in terms of Cobb angle and rib hump (RH), even though a real cosmetic concern for patients is anterior chest wall deformity. In this study we investigated the correlation between anterior chest wall deformity and other clinical and radiological measures of scoliosis deformity pre- and post-thoracoscopic anterior scoliosis correction surgery.