Research Progress on the SERPINE1 Protein and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases of the Upper Respiratory Tract: A Literature Review

SERPINE1 protein is one important member of the serine proteinase inhibitor E superfamily that plays a crucial role in the fibrinolytic system. It has been identified which is related to chronic inflammatory lung diseases like allergic asthma and lung fibrosis. Recently, researchers have focused on the impact of SERPINE1 and its genetic polymorphisms on inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. In this review, we conclude that SERPINE1 is widely involved in the pathological process of chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis (AR) and may play a pivotal role in tissue remodelling in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps. It is also found that the 4G allele of SERPINE1 gene is associated with the risk of upper respiratory diseases. More studies are needed to further clarify how SERPINE1 influences chronic rhinosinusitis and AR, which would be conducive to improving the therapeutic efficacy of treatments for upper respiratory diseases.