受体
细胞生物学
化学
免疫学
癌症研究
生物
生物化学
作者
Mumtaz Yaseen Balkhi,Gábor Wittmann,Fang Xiong,Richard P. Junghans
出处
期刊:iScience
[Elsevier]
日期:2018-04-01
卷期号:2: 105-122
被引量:48
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2018.03.009
摘要
T cells infiltrate affected organs in chronic infections and malignancy, but they may fail to eradicate virus-infected cells or tumor because of exhaustion. This report describes a Yin Yang-1 (YY1)-centered mechanism for diverse components that have been correlated with exhaustion. Utilizing an in vitro reconstruction of chronic T cell activation, YY1 is shown to positively regulate the checkpoint receptors PD1, Lag3, and Tim3 and to negatively regulate the type I cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2) (in collaboration with Ezh2 histone methyltransferase) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). Other tests suggest that IL-2 failure drives a large component of cytotoxic functional decline rather than solely checkpoint receptor-ligand interactions that have been the focus of current anti-exhaustion therapies. Clinical evaluations confirm elevated YY1 and Ezh2 in melanoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and in PD1+ T cells in patients with HIV. Exhaustion is revealed to be an active process as the culmination of repetitive two-signal stimulation in a feedback loop via CD3/CD28→p38MAPK/JNK→YY1→ exhaustion.
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