Improving the stability of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and low fabrication cost, but its practical application is limited by its environmental instability. This project aims to determine suitable encapsulation methods to improve the stability of inverted perovskite solar cells under various environmental conditions. Two methods of encapsulation were studied: Glass-Glass encapsulation and Inorganic Thin film encapsulation. Encapsulated and non-encapsulated devices were tested under various environments such as ambient, moisture and heat. Encapsulation materials such as AB glue, UV glue and ALD were compared in this study to find out which is the best encapsulation material. With results showing that non-encapsulated devices degrade rapidly, suggesting the effectiveness of encapsulation. Glass-glass encapsulation emerged as the top choice when choosing encapsulation methods in this study due to it having the best overall stability. Overall, it is found that encapsulation significantly improves device stability, with glass-glass encapsulation identified as the most effective method in this study. The challenges encountered in this project are discussed, along with recommendations for future improvements for large scale commercialization.