Heparin-covalently grafted graphene oxide hybrid-modified polyethersulfone membranes for enhanced toxin clearance and hemocompatibility in hemodialysis

Covalently heparin-grafted graphene oxide hybrid modified polyethersulfone membranes are constructed via amidation and the NIPS strategy, which exhibit efficient uremic toxin clearance and favourable hemocompatibility for hemodialysis applications.