MXene–Metal-Organic Framework-Modified Electrochemical Sensors

MXenes are early transition metal carbides or nitrides with two-dimensional structures. Their excellent sensitivity, high conductivity, electrocatalytic activity, flexibility, hydrophilic surface, and stability are widely utilized for electrochemical sensors, energy storage, and conversion devices-based applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) comprise metal-based nodes, organic linkers, and porous coordination polymers. MOFs are reported to be advantageous for electrochemical sensing owing to their large surface area, tunable pore size, and functionality. Detection of biomolecules, environmental contaminants, and disease biomarkers is carried out efficiently with electrochemical sensing as it is a cost-efficient and facile method for sensing and is capable of miniaturizing devices such as nanoelectromechanical and microelectromechanical systems (NEMS and MEMS). MXene–MOF-based electrochemical sensors exhibit outstanding performance due to their low detection limit (LOD), high sensitivity, selectivity, surface area, stability, and reproducibility. This chapter presents an overview of the properties, synthetic strategies, and applications of MXene–MOF-based sensors in electrochemical sensing.