Dual-functional C60-modified Ce-MOF for long-term free radical scavenging and facilitates tetracycline detection

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and residual antibiotics represent two pervasive threats to human health and environmental safety. While ROS play vital roles in physiological signaling, their pathological overproduction leads to oxidative stress, causing biomolecular damage and contributing to various chronic diseases. Simultaneously, antibiotic residues, arising from extensive clinical and agricultural usage, induce antibiotic resistance and organ toxicity, and have been implicated in exacerbating intracellular ROS generation. To overcome the limitations of conventional single-function materials, we herein present a C 60 -functionalized cerium-based metal-organic framework (Ce-MOF@C 60 ) engineered via an Ordered Redox-π Dual-Action Scavenging Strategy (ORDSS). This strategy exploits esterification to covalently anchor carboxylated fullerene (C 60 ) onto Ce-MOF, integrating the reversible Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox pair with the π-electron-rich surface of C 60 . This architecture enables directional radical transfer and redox cycling, effectively mitigating π-electron saturation and enhancing material longevity. The resulting hybrid exhibits nearly complete ROS scavenging efficiency (~100%), long-term antioxidant activity sustained for over 9 hours, and markedly improved sensitivity in tetracycline (TC) detection. This work highlights a promising dual-functional platform for sustainable oxidative stress mitigation and antibiotic monitoring, offering new avenues for biomedical and environmental applications.