Applications of magnetic field for electrochemical energy storage

Recently, the introduction of the magnetic field has opened a new and exciting avenue for achieving high-performance electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices. The employment of the magnetic field, providing a noncontact energy, is able to exhibit outstanding advantages that are reflected in inducing the interaction between materials on the molecular scale, driving chemical transport to change the phase structure of electrode materials, constructing hierarchical or well-ordered nanostructure of electrodes, rearranging the electronic/ionic distribution and transport in the electrode/electrolyte interface, and so on. In this review, we aim to introduce the effects of the magnetic field on EES by summarizing the recent progress of mainly two disciplines: the application of the magnetic field in the electrochemical performance regulation and the fabrication of components in EES devices. The theoretical principle and influencing mechanisms of the magnetic field are also analyzed and elaborated in detail. In addition, the challenges and perspectives for future applications of the magnetic field in EES techniques are highlighted. This review is expected to shed light on the exploitation and rational design of advanced EES devices by taking advantage of the magnetic field regulation technique.