Graphene-based nanomaterials: mechanisms and potentials in the fight against multidrug resistant bacterial infections: a review

summarizing their classifications, structural features, antibacterial mechanisms and concrete applications in the treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infection. We highlight the advances in development of GBNs and GBNs-based treatment strategies, including photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and multiple combination therapies. In addition, we conclude and discuss the challenges and problems in using these nanomaterials. Collectively, we believe that GBNs have the potential to be an effective clinical treatment for MDR bacterial infections.