The role of broad bean albumin 1b on GIP and GLP-1 mediated alterations to glucose metabolism in diabetic mice

The biologically active peptides derived from broad bean protein, including broad bean albumin 1b (BA1b), have anti-oxidation and anti-glycation effects. However, the potential for BA1b to improve glucose metabolism and the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. We examined the effects of BA1b on glucose metabolism in diabetic mice and further studied the effects of BA1b on intestinal cells based on small intestinal organoids (SIOs). The results showed that BA1b significantly reduced blood glucose and serum insulin levels, promoted secretion of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in diabetic mice. Similarly, BA1b significantly increased the secretion of GIP and GLP-1 levels in SIOs. Mechanistic studies found that BA1b promoted the secretion of incretin (GIP and GLP-1) by up-regulation of VDAC1 gene expression levels. These findings emphasized the important role of BA1b in improving glucose metabolism and provided a new insight into strategies to explore the effects of functional foods.