Combining curcumin and aspirin ameliorates preeclampsia‐like symptoms by inhibiting the placental TLR4/NF‐κB signaling pathway in rats

Abstract Aim Preeclampsia (PE) is a common medical complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after the 20th gestational week. This study aimed to investigate the potency of the combination of curcumin and aspirin in the treatment of PE and explore the underlying mechanisms. Material and Methods The PE model was constructed in female rats by administering 0.5 mg/mL N‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester from gestational days (GDs) 6 to 16. The pregnant female rats were divided into five groups according to the drug treatment. The curcumin or aspirin was given to the rats by tail vein injection (0.36 mg/kg) or gavage treatment (1.5 mg/kg BW/day) from GD4 to GD18. Results Treatment with curcumin and aspirin combination significantly reduced the systolic blood pressure and proteinuria in the PE rats. Meanwhile, in comparison to the PE rats treated with single‐dose curcumin or aspirin, the rats treated with combined curcumin and aspirin showed significantly decreased sFlt‐1, increased placental growth factor, and alleviated oxidative stress in both blood and placental tissues, which are abnormal in no‐treated PE rats. Furthermore, dramatically decreased inflammatory cytokines secretion and TLR4 and NF‐κB p65 expression in placental tissues were also observed in the PE rats with combined treatment compared to those of no‐treated, signal‐dose curcumin or aspirin‐treated PE rats. Conclusions Our results suggested that the combined treatment of curcumin and aspirin significantly ameliorates the symptoms of PE in rats, which is most likely due to the inhibition of the placental TLR4/NF‐κB p65 signaling pathway.