[Guideline for the management path and quality control of breast cancer prevention and treatment in China's counties (2023 edition)].

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women in China. In 2016, there were about 306 000 new cases of breast cancer in Chinese females. Of these, about 33% (100 400) occurred in rural areas. County-level (counties or county-level cities) hospitals are the first diagnosis units for most rural breast cancer patients and play an important role in cancer prevention, screening, maintenance treatment, rehabilitation, follow-up, and referral. Due to economic and geographical constraints, county-level hospitals are relatively deficient in medical equipment, health human resources, and drug accessibility. There is an imperative need for breast cancer prevention and management guidelines that are suitable for the actual situation in China's counties. Therefore, under the policy background of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, the Chinese expert group formulated the "Guideline for the management path and quality control of breast cancer prevention and treatment in China's counties (2023 edition)", aiming to expand the availability of quality medical resources and ensure they are better distributed among regions, enhance the capacity for breast cancer prevention and treatment, so as to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients in China's counties. This guideline provides path diagrams which are concise, unambiguous and easy to translate into clinical practice, as reference for clinicians in county-level hospitals.乳腺癌是威胁中国女性健康的第一大恶性肿瘤。2016年中国女性新发乳腺癌30.60万例，其中中国县域地区（包含农村地区）新发乳腺癌约10.04万例，约占同年中国总新发乳腺癌的33%。县域（县级或县级市）医院是多数县域乳腺癌患者的首诊单位，在乳腺癌的预防、筛查、维持治疗、康复随访和转诊等方面发挥重要作用。县域医院由于经济和地理等因素的限制，在医疗设备、人才、药物可及性等方面都相对不足，亟需适合县域实际情况的乳腺癌防治管理指南。因此，在分级诊疗的政策背景下，国家肿瘤质控中心乳腺癌专家委员会和健康中国研究中心癌症防治专家委员会起草并制定了《中国县域乳腺癌防治管理路径与质量控制指南（2023版）》，旨在进一步促进优质医疗资源扩容下沉、区域均衡布局，提高整体乳腺癌的防控效果，改善县域乳腺癌患者的预后和生活质量。指南采用路径形式，更加简明清晰且实操性强，以供广大县域临床医师参考。.