Effects of deoxidation methods on the inclusion characteristics and corrosion behaviour of high-strength low-alloy steels in marine environments

The effects of deoxidation methods on the inclusion characteristics and corrosion behaviour of high-strength low-alloy steels were examined in marine environments using various microcharacterisation techniques and first-principles calculations. After Ca treatment, MnS-MgO-Al2O3 inclusions were modified to CaS-MgO-Al2O3 and microcrevices were existed at the interface between inclusions and Fe. After Zr-Ti-RE deoxidation, spherical CaS+TiN+ZrO2+MgAl2O4+(Ca, La) Al3O7 inclusions appeared. (Ca, La)Al3O7 in steel displayed similar mechanical properties to Fe, reducing the degree of lattice distortion and the formation of microcrevices around the inclusions. Micro-galvanic corrosion between Fe and MnS accelerated the localised corrosion rate and promoted the formation of large pits on the surface. However, the chemical activity of CaS resulted in dissolution of the inclusion, which relatively inhibited the localised corrosion propagation. The enrichment of Cr in the rust layer after Zr-Ti-RE deoxidation improved the compactness, contributed to a reduction in the localised corrosion rate and long-term corrosion rate. Finally, the underlying mechanism influencing corrosion behaviour was established.