PCGF1 promotes the tumorigenesis of malignancies through upregulating CCDC34 in glioma

Abstract Introduction Polycomb group factor 1 (PCGF1) and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 34 (CCDC34) are detected as tumorigenesis of malignancies. However, the function and the prognostic value of PCGF1 and CCDC34 in glioma still remain unclear. Methods Analyzed the data of RNA-seq with the knockdown of PCGF1 in glioma cell lines from GEO database. Explored the correlation of gene expression between PCGF1 and CCDC34 in TCGA, CGGA, and GEO databases. Moreover, RT-qPCR was used to measure the expression of PCGF1 and CCDC34 in glioma specimens. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analyses were conducted to explore the prognostic value of CCDC34 in glioma. Further, CCDC34 knockdown and PCGF1 overexpressed cell lines were constructed to investigate the effect of CCDC34 and PCGF1 on glioma. The cell growth and colony formation were performed. Results The CCDC34 was significantly downregulated in glioma cell lines with the knockdown of PCGF1 compared to the control group. The expression level of CCDC34 were positive correlation with the grade of WHO in glioma. The outcome of the patients were strongly associated with the expression of CCDC34. The knockdown of CCDC34 was shown to inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation. And a rescue experiment revealed PCGF1 promotes the proliferation of glioma dependent on CCDC34. The analysis of GSEA suggests that the expression of PCGF and CCDC34 were positively correlated with the hypoxia, coagulation, and EMT signaling pathway. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that PCGF1 promotes the proliferation of glioma dependent on CCDC34, which indicated that CCDC34 could be used as a novel potential prognostic marker.