Polyaniline/carbon nanotube composites in sensor applications

Polyaniline (PA) has outstanding electronic, electrical and chemical properties. The incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) into PA matrix could result in PA/CNT nanocomposites that possess enhanced properties. This review outlines the preparation methods of PA/CNT nanocomposites where they could be prepared by in situ polymerization and solution mixing. In addition, the fabrication methods of electrodes based on PA/CNT nanocomposites to be used in sensors will be investigated. In this regard, such electrodes can be fabricated through in situ synthesis of PA/CNT on electrode surface, electro-polymerization of Ani on carbon nanotube-modified electrode or casting of the prepared PA/CNT on the electrode surface. Also, the use of PA/CNT nanocomposites as sensing materials in biosensors, gas sensors, metal ion sensors, environmental pollutants sensors and pH sensors will be highlighted. The use of such nanocomposites in various types of sensors could be attributed to their remarkable chemical properties, large surface area and outstanding electrical performance.