Docking Studies of Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors-Molecules Patented and Published from 2011-2020

Hyperuricemia is characterized by elevated serum uric (SUA) levels beyond 6.8mg/dl and is a major cause of gout. Clinically, the high uric acid levels are managed using oral xanthine oxidase inhibitors such as febuxostat; however, its long-term use affects liver functions and cannot be used with the person with compromised liver functions. Thus, searching for an alternate xanthine oxidase inhibitor devoid of side effects on the liver is of current interest. Several classes of XO inhibitors have been patented in recent years. Using a docking study, we investigated the binding mode of xanthine oxide inhibitors patented during 2011-2020.The study identified the crucial amino acid residues involved in drug-receptor interactions. The binding side residues and their role in stabilizing the drug-receptor complex is discussed in detail. The information gained from this study will help researchers to design potent and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitors to manage gout and other uric acid-related disorders effectively.