With the advancement of science and technology, fundus imaging modalities are rapidly changing and constantly being introduced, playing an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of fundus diseases, as well as in follow-up and prognostic assessment. Clinicians need to update their knowledge and concepts, rationally select a variety of imaging tests for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, and consider the use of different test protocols in different clinical scenarios. This article summarizes the advantages and limitations of commonly used fundus imaging techniques based on the international research findings and personal clinical experience, with the aim of providing guidance and reference for the rational selection of multimodal fundus imaging approaches in clinical practice.随着科学技术的进步,眼底影像学检查日新月异,不断推陈出新,在眼底疾病的诊疗及随访、评估预后等方面起到了重要作用。临床医师需要不断更新知识和观念,合理选择多种影像学检查项目以达到诊疗目的,并注意在不同临床场景中选用不同的检查方案,以避免检查过度。本文基于国际研究结果及临床实践经验,分别介绍了常用眼底影像学技术的优势和局限性,以期为临床合理选择多模态眼底影像学检查方法提供指导和参考。.