Sensitivity calibration method of FBG strain sensor in high and low temperature conditions

Abstract Strain and temperature sensitivity coefficients of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are of vital importance to measuring accuracy, especially in varying temperature conditions. To improve the measurement accuracy of the FBG strain sensor, its strain and temperature sensitivity coefficients must be calibrated before use. In this study, we designed a substrate FBG strain sensor using the metal packaging method and illustrated its packaging process. A sensitivity calibration method for FBG strain sensors under different high-low temperatures was proposed. Additionally, an equal-intensity cantilever beam with the same material as the application structures of the FBG strain sensor, which affords loads within the range of −2500 to 3000 μ ϵ was designed and manufactured. A modified coefficient of strain δ was introduced to modify the strain results according to the calibration principle of an equal-intensity cantilever beam. Furthermore, a FBG unstressed temperature compensation method was proposed to compensate for the temperature of the FBG strain sensor. To verify the performance of the proposed sensitivity calibration method, a series of calibration experiments under −55 °C, −20 °C, 0 °C, 20 °C, 50 °C, and 70 °C were implemented, which proved the excellent performance of the proposed calibration method. Finally, the temperature and strain sensitivity coefficients of the FBG strain sensor in the temperature range of −55 °C to 70 °C are achieved at 0.3022 nm °C −1 and 0.5039 pm μ ϵ −1 . The proposed sensitivity calibration method in high-low temperatures is simple and easy to implement. Meanwhile, the calibrated FBG strain sensor has prospective applications for strain measurement in structural health monitoring of aircraft, especially under varying temperature conditions.