The History and Advancement of Light, Lasers, and Energy-Based Devices in Dermatologic Surgery

BACKGROUND From the theoretical foundations of laser and energy-based applications for the skin to the development of advanced medical devices, the field of dermatologic surgery has undergone transformative changes. OBJECTIVE To review the scientific and clinical advancement of laser and energy-based therapies within dermatologic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted to identify important scientific advancements and landmark studies on light, laser, and energy-based devices within the field of dermatologic surgery. RESULTS Since the introduction of selective photothermolysis principles in the 1980s, numerous laser and energy-based devices have been developed to effectively treat vascular lesions, target pigmentation, remove tattoos, rejuvenate the skin, and remove hair. Beyond aesthetic applications, photodynamic therapy was introduced to treat various neoplastic and inflammatory conditions. Lasers have also been employed to enhance transcutaneous drug delivery, and new lasers continue to emerge for treating common inflammatory conditions, such as acne. These innovations have contributed to a paradigm shift toward safe and effective, but less invasive, procedure-based treatment in addressing medical and aesthetic concerns in dermatology. CONCLUSION Dermatologists have consistently led the way in the continuous development and innovative application of laser and energy-based devices to effectively address a variety of skin conditions.