An empirical investigation of critical success factors in implementing digital transformation

Digital transformation has attracted increasing attention from academia and industry. Although many studies have investigated the factors affecting the success of digital transformation, research on its comprehensive antecedents is lacking. This study employs the people, process, technology (PPT) framework to comprehensively conceptualize the critical factors for achieving digital transformation success. As digital transformation drives innovation and integrates business information and processes, innovation and integration are regarded as indicators of digital transformation success. Data were collected from 212 key users of digital technologies in Taiwan's largest software service company from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023 and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to validate the proposed research model and hypotheses. The results show that the three people, process, and technology contexts have partial and differential influences on the two types of success that affect organizational performance. We provide academic, practical, and policy suggestions for evaluating digital transformation success. • The purpose of this study is to investigate critical success factors in implementing digital transformation. • The research model is developed based on the people, process, and technology (PPT) framework. • People, process, and technology contexts positively influence digital transformation success. • Innovation success and integration success positively influence organizational performance.