NADPH Oxidase and ROS Signaling Compartmentalization

Functioning as a second messenger,reactive oxygen species(ROS) mediates various cellular events in physiological or pathological conditions,including cell differentiation,excessive growth,proliferation and apoptosis.The generation and metabolism of ROS is strictly regulated through specific signaling systems in cells to avoid cytotoxicity.The research concerning the involved regulatory mechanism has recently focused on the ROS localization and compartmentalization.NADPH oxidase produces ROS in many tissures at certain compartments of cells,forms functional complex,and plays a crucial role in the precise control of intracellular signals.The NADPH oxidase subunit interactions with certain target proteins may define specific subcellular localization of ROS.This review describes the ROS signal compartmentalization from NADPH oxidase and may improve the current understanding on molecular mechanism of ROS.