New Method of Genome Editing Derived From CRISPR/Cas9

The type Ⅱ clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated(Cas)9 system has been used as a gene-targeting technology as ZFN and TALEN to meditate multiple genome editing.Unlike ZFN and TALEN directly binding to the specific DNA sequence to generate a double-strands break,the engineered CRISPR/Cas9 system has been demonstrated that Cas9 nuclease was directed by short RNAs to induce site-specific cleavage in complex genome.The advantage of CRPSR/Cas9 system is easy to be constructed and low cost compared with ZFN and TALEN.So,it is considered that it will replace existing technique.Here we review the CRISPR/Cas development history,classification,mechanism,progress and application of this new genome editing technology.This review will provide a useful reference for researchers who are interested in applying this new technique in their studies.