细胞质
柠檬酸循环
新陈代谢
线粒体
生物化学
癌细胞
运输机
柠檬酸
前列腺癌
细胞生物学
生物
化学
癌症
基因
遗传学
作者
Maria E. Mycielska,Ameet Patel,Nahit Rizaner,Maciej Mazurek,Hector C. Keun,Anup Patel,Vadivel Ganapathy,Mustafa B.A. Djamgoz
出处
期刊:BioEssays
[Wiley]
日期:2009-01-01
卷期号:31 (1): 10-20
被引量:116
摘要
Abstract Citrate, an organic trivalent anion, is a major substrate for generation of energy in most cells. It is produced in mitochondria and used either in the Krebs' cycle or released into cytoplasm through a specific mitochondrial carriers. Citrate can also be taken up from blood through different plasma membrane transporters. In the cytoplasm, citrate can be used ultimately for fatty acid synthesis, which is increased in cancer cells. Here, we review the ways in which citrate can be transported and discuss the changes in transport and metabolism that occur in cancer cells. The primary focus is on the prostate gland, which is known to produce and release large amounts of citrate during its normal secretory function. The significant changes that occur in citrate‐related metabolism and transport in prostate cancer are the second focus. This review strives to relate these mechanisms to molecular biology on the one hand and to clinical applications on the other.
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