Legislative Trends Associated with Well Stimulation and Hydraulic Fracturing

This chapter presents an overview of laws and regulations associated with hydraulic fracturing. Shale plays in the United States are regulated at the federal, state, and local levels. At the federal level, many regulations govern specific aspects of well stimulation and hydraulic fracturing. These regulations address the disposal of fluid waste deep underground and certain reporting requirements. State laws and regulations governing hydraulic fracturing vary nationwide, and vigorous debate has been going on over the past few years as to the extent to which hydraulic fracturing practices should be regulated. A number of US states, counties, and municipalities have responded to the public health and environmental concerns surrounding fracking by imposing bans or moratoriums on unconventional oil and gas drilling and well stimulation via hydraulic fracturing. These restrictions have given rise to litigation challenges by oil and gas companies and by property owners deprived of potential revenues.