Molecular simulation-guided aptasensor design of robust and sensitive lateral flow strip for cadmium ion detection

in river water samples in the range from 92.9 ± 1.0% to 108.6 ± 1.4%. Moreover, the detected concentration in water samples is below the harmful levels (267 nM) recommended by WHO standards in drinking water. The use of molecular simulations is a significant addition to cost and resource-effective aptasensor development protocol, and it can be readily expanded to design aptasensors for other targets.