Beta‐Blockers and Cutaneous Melanoma Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Random‐Effects Meta‐Analysis

Beta-blockers have generated an exciting discourse for their potential as a cheap, safe, and effective adjunctive therapy for cutaneous melanoma patients, but the field remains murky. This systematic review investigates the association between beta-blocker use and survival outcomes in cutaneous melanoma patients. We reviewed 12 studies with 21,582 patients in a network meta-analysis and found a benefit between beta-blocker use and disease-free survival but no other significant association for melanoma-specific or overall survival. However, some evidence suggests that pan-selective beta-blockers, rather than cardio-selective ones, may have a protective effect. We conclude that the current evidence is insufficient to recommend beta-blockers for melanoma treatment but suggest further research focusing on pan-selective beta-blockers to clarify their potential benefits.