医学
磁共振成像
纤维化
放射科
金标准(测试)
正电子发射断层摄影术
心肌纤维化
心脏成像
心脏病学
病理
作者
Theodoros D. Karamitsos,Alexandra Arvanitaki,Haralambos Karvounis,Stefan Neubauer,Vanessa M. Ferreira
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.06.030
摘要
Myocardial fibrosis, either focal or diffuse, is a common feature of many cardiac diseases and is associated with a poor prognosis for major adverse cardiovascular events. Although histological analysis remains the gold standard for confirming the presence of myocardial fibrosis, endomyocardial biopsy is invasive, has sampling errors, and is not practical in the routine clinical setting. Cardiac imaging modalities offer noninvasive surrogate biomarkers not only for fibrosis but also for myocardial edema and infiltration to varying degrees, and have important roles in the diagnosis and management of cardiac diseases. This review summarizes important pathophysiological features in the development of commonly encountered cardiac diseases, and the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of various cardiac imaging modalities (echocardiography, single-photon emission computer tomography, positron emission tomography, multidetector computer tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance) for myocardial tissue characterization, with an emphasis on imaging focal and diffuse myocardial fibrosis.
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