Prokaryotic cytochromes P450 (Review)

The research on the structure and role of bacterial cytochromes P450 are summarized in this review. We consider the organizational features of these enzymes, cytochrome-catalyzed reactions, the distribution of cytochromes among prokaryotes, and their functions in bacterial cells. We cite the data on cytochrome genes and the regulation of their expression in prokaryotes and classify cytochromes by components involved in the electronic transition. We consider the role of bacterial cytochromes in the biodegradation of carbohydrates and xenobiotics by microorganisms and the possible involvement of reactive oxygen species, which are generated in the catalytic cycle of these enzymes, at the initial stages of carbohydrate biodegradation.