Environmentally Stable, Conductive, and Knittable Sodium Alginate/MXene Nanocomposite Organohydrogel Fiber for Textile-Integrated Wearable Electronics

Hydrogel fibers hold significant potential for wearable sensing and human–machine interfaces, yet their widespread application is limited by intricate manufacturing, rapid dehydration, and poor freezing resistance. A simple, green, and scalable wet-spinning strategy is presented here for the fabrication of nanocomposite organohydrogel fibers that integrate high conductivity, mechanical strength, and environmental tolerance. By employing sodium alginate as a biocompatible matrix and Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets as conductive fillers, uniform fibers are achieved through rapid ionic cross-linking in a CaCl 2 coagulation bath, followed by glycerol-assisted solvent exchange to ensure operational stability. The resulting fiber exhibits balanced performance, including a conductivity of 0.6 mS/cm, tensile strength of 0.5 MPa, and fracture elongation of 96%. The organohydrogel also demonstrates remarkable environmental adaptability, retaining 63% of its initial weight after 7 days at 25 °C and 60% relative humidity while maintaining flexibility at temperatures as low as −60 °C. When knit into textiles, the fiber functions as a sensitive wearable sensor capable of capturing both large-scale movements and fine physiological signals such as electrocardiogram and electromyogram signals across different environments. This work provides a scalable and sustainable route to high-performance, textile-integrable wearable electronics suitable for long-term use under diverse environmental conditions.