Ni Catalysts for Thermochemical CO2 Methanation: A Review

This review underscores the pivotal role that nickel-based catalysts play in advancing CO2 methanation technologies, which are integral to achieving carbon neutrality. This study meticulously examines various aspects of catalyst design, including the significance of support materials and co-catalysts in enhancing catalytic activity and selectivity. This discussion reveals that while nickel catalysts offer a cost-effective solution due to their availability and high performance, challenges such as sintering and carbon deposition at high temperatures remain. These issues necessitate the development of catalysts with superior thermal stability or those capable of maintaining high activity at lower temperatures. This review also highlights the innovative use of three-dimensional fiber deposition technology in fabricating catalysts, which has shown promising results in improving reaction efficiency and stability over prolonged operation. Moving forward, this research emphasizes the importance of optimizing catalyst structure and fabrication techniques to overcome existing limitations. The ongoing development in this field holds great promise for the industrial application of CO2 methanation, contributing significantly to global efforts in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable energy use.