线粒体
转位酶
生物
细胞生物学
DNAJA3公司
线粒体内膜
功能(生物学)
ATP-ADP转位酶
外膜转位酶
氧化磷酸化
线粒体DNA
线粒体融合
计算生物学
生物化学
基因
染色体易位
作者
Michael L Kamradt,Catherine A. Makarewich
出处
期刊:American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology
[American Physiological Society]
日期:2023-10-01
卷期号:325 (4): C807-C816
标识
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00189.2023
摘要
Mitochondria rely upon the coordination of protein import, protein translation, and proper functioning of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes I–V to sustain the activities of life for an organism. Each process is dependent upon the function of profoundly large protein complexes found in the mitochondria [translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOMM) complex, translocase of the inner mitochondrial membrane (TIMM) complex, OXPHOS complexes, mitoribosomes]. These massive protein complexes, in some instances more than one megadalton, are built up from numerous protein subunits of varying sizes, including many proteins that are ≤100–150 amino acids. However, these small proteins, termed microproteins, not only act as cogs in large molecular machines but also have important steps in inhibiting or promoting the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, coordinate responses to cellular stress, and even act as hormones. This review focuses on microproteins that occupy the mitochondria and are critical for its function. Although the microprotein field is relatively new, researchers have long recognized the existence of these mitochondrial proteins as critical components of virtually all aspects of mitochondrial biology. Thus, recent studies estimating that hundreds of new microproteins of unknown function exist and are missing from current genome annotations suggests that the mitochondrial “microproteome” is a rich area for future biological investigation.
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