Latent profile analysis of empathy for pain and its associations with coping styles among nurses in China

Nurses' empathy for pain characteristics exhibits heterogeneity and can be categorised into three latent profiles. Nursing managers should implement targeted interventions tailored to each profile, focusing on the key determinants such as perceived pain tolerance, job satisfaction and coping styles. These interventions can enhance nurses' empathy for pain, promote the adoption of positive coping styles and ultimately improve clinical pain management and overall nursing care quality.