Diagnostic accuracy of 16S rDNA PCR, multiplex PCR and metagenomic next-generation sequencing in periprosthetic joint infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

These molecular techniques display strong diagnostic accuracy for identifying PJI. Although mNGS yielded the highest DOR, numerous technical and practical challenges preclude its routine use for PJI diagnosis. Significant heterogeneity across studies warrants cautious interpretation and underscores the need for future comparative research.