Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Electrospinning, a versatile and cost-effective method for fabricating nanofibers, exhibits significant potential in electrocatalysis. Electrospun carbon nanofibers feature unique one-dimensional characteristics, including high specific surface area, tunable composition, morphology, and electronic structure, positioning them as promising candidates for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the history, fundamental principles, and key parameters of electrospinning, systematically outlining recent advances in HER electrocatalysts involving noble metals, transition metals, and other material systems. Additionally, the review explores how optimization strategies, such as interface engineering and elemental doping, can enhance the structural and electronic properties of catalysts. Finally, the review highlights the industrial potential of electrospun carbon nanofiber electrocatalysts, emphasizing the importance of sustainable synthesis approaches and scalable production techniques.