Coronary artery fistula

Background Coronary artery fistula is a rare anomaly of the coronary arteries which results from an abnormal connection between a coronary artery with a cardiac chamber or vessel. Coronary steal phenomenon can lead to functional ischemia of the myocardium. The condition has been described extensively, however, the modalities for diagnosing this condition continue to advance. Methods This review summarizes the approach to managing this uncommon condition. Results We discuss the various surgical options, including the technique involved in treating specific types of fistulas. Conclusion We also review minimally-invasive options and trans-catheter closure along with indications for use of the different modalities.