A Comprehensive Review of Mathematical Modeling for Drying Processes of Fruits and Vegetables

Drying fruits and vegetables is a procedure of food preservation with simultaneous heat, mass, and momentum transfer, which increases the shelf life of the food product. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the researches on mathematical modeling for drying of fruits and vegetables with the special emphasis on the computational approach. Various heat-mass transport models, their applications, and modern drying technologies to the food industry have been reported in this study. Computational fluid dynamics, a new approach for solving heat and mass transfer problems, increases the accuracy of the predicted values. To investigate the parameters of drying needs a significant amount of time as well as costly laboratory and experimental efforts. Therefore, computational modeling could be an effective alternative to experimental approaches. This review will be beneficial for future studies in drying processes, especially for modeling, analysis, design, and optimization of food science and food engineering.